# Lesson Plan: Bornu Under Shehus - The Emergence of El-Kanemi
## Grade Level: Senior Secondary 2
### Duration: 90 minutes
### Objective:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. Explain the historical context of the Bornu Empire before the emergence of El-Kanemi.
2. Identify the key contributions of El-Kanemi to the Bornu Empire.
3. Analyze the impact of El-Kanemi's leadership on the political, social, and economic aspects of the Bornu Empire.
### Materials:
- Whiteboard/Chalkboard
- Markers/Chalk
- Projector and computer (optional)
- Map of West Africa highlighting Bornu Empire
- Handouts with primary and secondary sources
- Video clips or documentaries about Bornu and El-Kanemi (if available)
- Worksheets and assessments
### Lesson Outline:
1. **Introduction (10 minutes)**
- Brief overview of the Bornu Empire's history.
- Explain the significance of studying Bornu under the Shehus and the emergence of El-Kanemi.
- Display the map of West Africa and locate the Bornu Empire.
2. **Historical Context (15 minutes)**
- Discuss the decline of the Sayfawa dynasty and challenges faced by Bornu before El-Kanemi.
- Highlight the internal strife, external threats, and the role of jihad movements.
3. **Lecture: Emergence of El-Kanemi (20 minutes)**
- Introduction to Muhammad al-Amin El-Kanemi.
- Describe El-Kanemi's rise to power and his initial role as an adviser.
- Discuss his strategies to restore Bornu's political stability and military strength.
- Elaborate on El-Kanemi's role in repulsing the Fulani Jihadist threat.
4. **Group Activity: Analyzing Sources (20 minutes)**
- Divide students into small groups.
- Provide each group with handouts containing primary and secondary sources about El-Kanemi and his policies.
- Ask groups to analyze the sources and list key contributions of El-Kanemi to the Bornu Empire.
- Groups will present their findings to the class.
5. **Class Discussion (10 minutes)**
- Discuss the group's findings.
- Delve into the impact of El-Kanemi's policies on the political, social, and economic structure of Bornu.
- Encourage students to ask questions and share thoughts.
6. **Video Clip (Optional) (10 minutes)**
- Show a short documentary or video clip about the Bornu Empire under El-Kanemi.
- Discuss key points highlighted in the video, reinforcing the lesson's content.
7. **Assessment: Short Essay (15 minutes)**
- Provide students with a prompt to write a short essay on: "How did El-Kanemi influence the revival of the Bornu Empire?"
- Allow students to refer to their notes, sources, and video content.
8. **Conclusion (5 minutes)**
- Recap main points of the lesson.
- Highlight the importance of El-Kanemi's legacy in the history of the Bornu Empire.
- Provide a brief preview of the next lesson topic.
### Homework:
- Assign students to research another historical figure from West Africa who had a significant impact and prepare a short presentation for the next class.
### Additional Notes:
- Adjust activities based on available resources and student needs.
- Encourage students to engage with diverse sources for a comprehensive understanding.
- Foster critical thinking by highlighting different historical interpretations of El-Kanemi’s impact.
### References:
- Handouts with excerpts from historical texts and scholarly articles.
- Suggested documentaries or video clips available through educational platforms or online resources.
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This lesson plan ensures that students gain a thorough understanding of Bornu under the leadership of El-Kanemi and allows for interactive and engaging learning through group activities, discussions, and multimedia resources.